Treatable Intellectual Disability

PTS Deficiency (Biopterin Deficiency)

DIAGNOSIS

Gene
PTS (AR)

Diagnostic Test
CSF Neurotransmitters & Biopterin Loading Test

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SIGNS & SYMPTOMS

Neurological
Dystonia

Non-Neurological
- - -

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THERAPY

Treatment
BH4, Diet, Amine Replacement

Level of Evidence
4

Clinical Practice
Standard of Care

Treatment Effect
Improves psychomotor development/IQ & neurological manifestations



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PTS Deficiency

PTS Deficiency (Biopterin Deficiency)

6-Pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase (PTS) deficiency is a disorder of tetrahydrobiopterin metabolism. Tetrahydrobipterin plays a role as a cofactor in Phenylalanine, L-Dopa and Serotonin metabolism. Thus deficiencies are mostly associated with hyperphenylalaninemia, and deficiency of Dopamine and Serotonine. Unless diagnosed by newborn screening via high blood phenylalanine levels, patients develop neurological problems within the first year of life, including progressive developmental delay, seizures, microcephaly, and Parkinsonian dystonia. Episodes of irritability, lethargy, poor temperature control and other vegetative dysfunctions are common in severe cases. PTPS deficiency should be suspected in all infants with a positive neonatal screening test for phenylketonuria, especially when hyperphenylalaninemia is moderate.

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